Musuubule Ebyamaguzi

Emigaso gy'okusuubula mu byamaguzi mulimu: Okwawukanya ebintu mu ssanduuko y'okusuubula (Portfolio diversification): Ebyamaguzi tebikwatagana nnyo n'ebintu by'ensimbi ebya bulijjo nga emigabo n'ebbondo. Okugatta ebyamaguzi mu ssanduuko y'okusuubula kiyamba okwawukanya akabi era okukendeeza enkyukakyuka y'ensanduuko yonna. Okwerinda okweyongera kw'ebbeeyi (Inflation hedge): Ebyamaguzi bingi, nga zaabu, amafuta, n'ebintu by'awalimu, mu biro ebiyise byakozesebwanga okwerinda okweyongera kw'ebbeeyi. Ebintu ebikwatika (Tangible assets): Ebyamaguzi bikiikirira ebintu ebikwatika. Kyokka, kikulu okumanya nti emiwendo gy'ebyamaguzi egy'ku mpapula gisobola oluusi okwawukana okumala akaseera okuva ku miwendo gy'ebyamaguzi ebikwatika mu biseera by'obuzibu ku katale, ekitegeeza nti premiums ziyitirivu. Okukwatagana n'ebyenfuna by'ensi yonna (Global economic exposure): Ebyamaguzi bitera okulaga embeera y'ebyenfuna by'ensi yonna era bisobola okuwa amagezi ku bulamu bw'amakolero n'ebitundu ebimu ebigere. Okuddukanya akabi (Risk management): Ku bizinensi ezikwatagana n'amakolero agesigamiziddwa ku byamaguzi (gamba, awalimu, amasannyalaze, okukola ebintu), obutale bw'ebyamaguzi buwa engeri y'okuddukanya akabi k'ebbeeyi okuyita mu hedging. Enkola z'ebiro by'omwaka (Seasonal trends): Ebyamaguzi bingi birina enkola z'ebbeeyi ezikwatagana n'ebiro by'omwaka olw'ensonga nga embeera y'obudde, ebiro by'okukungula, n'okwetaaga kw'abaguzi. Abasuubuzi basobola okukozesa enkola z'ebiseera eziyise okutegeera enkyukakyuka z'ebbeeyi n'okukola okusalawo okw'amagezi mu kusuubula. Okwolesebwa (Transparency): Obutale bw'ebyamaguzi butera okuba n'okwolesebwa okw'amaanyi, nga amawulire ku ensibuko n'okwetaagibwa galiwo mangu. Okwolesebwa kuno kuyamba abasuubuzi okukola okusalawo okw'amagezi.

Enjawulo enkulu ze zino: Obufuzi bw'ebintu ebikwatibwako (Ownership of underlying assets): Mu kusuubula commodities mu spot trading, muguzi era mufuga ekintu ekya nnamaddala oba endagaano erambika obufuzi ku kyamaguzi ekyo. Naye mu kusuubula CFD ku commodities, tewali bufuzi ku kyamaguzi. Mu kifo ky'ekyo, musuubula ku nkyukakyuka z'ebbeeyi y'ekyamaguzi ekyo. Okutuusa n'okumaliriza endagaano (Delivery and settlement) : Endagaano za spot bulijjo zeetaagisa okutuusibwa kw'ekyamaguzi ekya nnamaddala mu kifo n'ekiseera ekigerekeddwa. Kino kitera okulabika mu byamaguzi by'ebyobulimi n'amasannyalaze, nga okutuusibwa kw'ekintu ekya nnamaddala kye kimu ku bitundu by'endagaano. CFD tezeetaagisa kutuusibwa kw'ekintu kya nnamaddala. Mu kifo ky'ekyo, ziddukanyizibwa mu ssente. Leverage : Leverage mu spot trading etera okuba ntono. Bwe muba mwagala okugula omuwendo gw'ekyamaguzi ogugerekeddwa, bulijjo musaanye okusasula ebbeeyi yonna ey'okugula. CFD ziwa Leverage ya maanyi, ekikkiriza abasuubuzi okufuga emirimu emisinga obunene nga bakozesa ssente entono. Wadde kino kisobola okwongera ku magoba agasuubirwa, era kyongera n'ku kabi k'okufiirwa. Okutunda nga tolina (Short selling) : Ku CFD, kisoboka okutunda commodities nga tezirina. Enkola y'amateeka (Regulatory environment) : Spot trading mu byamaguzi ebya nnamaddala etera okukwatibwako amateeka n'ebyetaago by'okusitula ebintu, omuli okuterekebwa, okutwalibwa, n'omutindo. Okukebera kw'amateeka kiyinza okwawukana okusinziira ku ggwanga n'ekika ky'ekyamaguzi. Ensimbi ezisasulwa (Costs) : Spot trading eyinza okuba n'ensimbi ng'ez'okuterekebwa, okutwalibwa, n'okwewandiisa mu bujanjabi, nga kino kisinziira ku kyamaguzi. Ate era, kamisoni n'emisolo mirala giyinza okusasulwa. Okusuubula CFD tekulina kamisoni, naye wabaawo omusolo gwa Spread era bulijjo wabaawo emisolo egya bulijjo egy'ensimbi (okuggyako ku akawunti ezitalina swap).

Ku CFDs ez'ebyamaguzi ebisinga obungi, tewali bwetaavu bwa kuterekera oba kuwaayo ebintu mu mubiri. Olw'okuba CFDs (ebikwaata ebikwata ku kwawukana) bye bikozesebwa ebiva mu birala (derivative instruments), bisobozesa abasuubuzi okulowooza ku nkyukakyuka y'ebbeeyi y'ebyamaguzi nga tebalina bintu mu mubiri. CFDs zisasulwa mu ssente nga zisinziira ku kwawukana kw'ebbeeyi wakati w'ekifo ekyatandikibwamu n'ekyaggweereddemu. Kyokka, kikulu okumanya nti ebyamaguzi ebimu, naddala mu katale ka futures, biyinza okwetaagisa okuwaayo ebintu mu mubiri singa ebifo bikwatibwako okutuusa ku lunaku kontulaka lw'ekoma. Mu mbeera ng'ezo, abasuubuzi bayinza okwetaaga okutwala ebintu mu mubiri oba okuwanyisa ebifo byabwe (roll over) okwewala obuvunaanyizibwa bw'okuwaayo. Kikulu nnyo okutegeera emisingo n'ebipimo by'enkolagana ez'ebyamaguzi ze musuubula.

Waliwo ebintu by'enjawulo ebikosa ebbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi gamba nga: Okufuna n'okwetaaga: Obutabanguko wakati w'okufuna n'okwetaaga buno bwe butundu bukulu obuvuganya ebbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi. Ebintu gamba nga omuwendo gw'okufulumya, embeera y'obudde, ebyafaayo by'obufuzi, n'enkyukakyuka mu ngeri abantu gye bakozesaamu ebintu, bisobola okukosa obutabanguko bwa okufuna n'okwetaaga. Ebintu by'ebyenfuna : Ebipimo by'ebyenfuna, gamba nga okukula kwa GDP, okwambuka kw'ebbeeyi (inflation), interest rates, n'emiwendo gy'okuwanyisiganya ssente, bisobola okukosa ebbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi. Ebbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi bulijjo zirambika embeera y'ebyenfuna by'ensi yonna oba eky'ekitundu. Enkola za gavumenti : Amateeka ga gavumenti, enkola z'obusuubuzi, obuyambi, omusolo gw'ebintu ebiyingizibwa (tariffs), n'omusolo, bisobola okukosa ebbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi. Obutebenkevu mu by'obufuzi n'obutabanguko mu by'obufuzi by'ensi nabyo bisobola okukosa nnyo. Embeera y'obudde : Enkyukakyuka z'obudde, omuli ekyeya, amataba, kibuyaga, n'obuzibu obulala obw'obutonde, bisobola okukosa ebyamaguzi eby'obulimi n'ebyamaguzi by'amasannyalaze (gamba nga kibuyaga ekikosa okufulumya amafuta mu Gulf of Mexico). Okulowooza n'endowooza y'abasuubuzi : Enkola z'okusuubula ez'okulowooza, n'endowooza y'abasuubuzi, bisobola okuleetawo enkyukakyuka z'akaseera akatono mu bbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi. Okwetaaga kw'abasuubuzi ebyamaguzi ng'engeri y'okwekuuma ku kwambuka kw'ebbeeyi oba ng'ekintu eky'obukuumi, nakyo kisobola okukosa ebbeeyi. Amaanyi ga ddoola ya Amerika : Olwokuba ebyamaguzi bingi biteekebwako ebbeeyi mu ddoola za Amerika, amaanyi ga ddoola, agapimibwa ku US Dollar Index (DXY), gakosa ebbeeyi z'ebyamaguzi mu ngeri ey'okukontana.